Duk abin da kuke Bukatar Sanin Game da Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Filastik

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi dacewa kuma ana amfani dashi da yawa kayan thermoplastic a duniya. An san shi don dorewa, araha, da juriya ga abubuwan muhalli, ana amfani da PVC a masana'antu daban-daban, daga gini zuwa kiwon lafiya. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bincika abin da PVC yake, kaddarorinsa, amfaninsa, da ƙari mai yawa.

Menene Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)?

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) shine polymer roba wanda aka yi daga polymerization na vinyl chloride. An fara haɗa shi a cikin 1872 kuma ya fara samar da kasuwanci a cikin 1920s ta Kamfanin BF Goodrich. An fi amfani da PVC a cikin masana'antar gine-gine, amma aikace-aikacen sa kuma ya shafi alamomi, kiwon lafiya, yadi, da ƙari.

PVC yana samuwa a cikin nau'i na farko guda biyu:

1. PVC mai ƙarfi (uPVC)- PVC wanda ba a yi amfani da shi ba abu ne mai ƙarfi, ɗorewa da ake amfani dashi a cikin aikin famfo, firam ɗin taga, da sauran aikace-aikacen tsarin.
2. PVC mai sassauƙa- An canza shi tare da masu yin filastik, PVC mai sassauƙa yana da taushi, mai lanƙwasa, kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin samfuran kamar rufin waya na lantarki, bene, da bututu mai sassauƙa.

Halayen Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Abubuwan PVC sun sa ya zama abin da aka fi so don aikace-aikace da yawa:

• Yawan yawa: PVC yana da yawa fiye da sauran robobi, tare da takamaiman nauyi na kusan 1.4.
• Dorewa: PVC yana da tsayayya da lalacewa daga abubuwan muhalli, sunadarai, da haskoki na UV, yana sa ya dace da samfurori masu dorewa.
• Ƙarfi: PVC mai ƙarfi yana alfahari da kyakkyawan ƙarfi da ƙarfi, yayin da PVC mai sassauƙa ke kula da sassauci da ƙarfi.
• Maimaituwa: PVC yana da sauƙin sake yin amfani da shi kuma an gano shi ta lambar resin "3," wanda ke ƙarfafa dorewa.

Key Properties na PVC

• Narkar da Zazzabi: 100°C zuwa 260°C (212°F zuwa 500°F), ya danganta da abubuwan da ake ƙarawa.
• Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfi: PVC mai sassauƙa daga 6.9 zuwa 25 MPa, yayin da PVC mai ƙarfi ya fi ƙarfi a 34 zuwa 62 MPa.
• Juyawar zafi: PVC na iya jure yanayin zafi har zuwa 92°C (198°F) kafin ta lalace.
• Juriya na Lalata: PVC yana da matukar juriya ga sinadarai da alkalies, yana mai da shi zabi mai dorewa ga masana'antu daban-daban.

Nau'in PVC: M vs. M

PVC yana samuwa a cikin nau'i biyu:

1. PVC mai ƙarfi(uPVC): Wannan fom yana da wahala kuma galibi ana amfani dashi a aikace-aikacen gini kamar bututun famfo da siding. An fi kiran shi da "vin
2. PVC mai sassauƙa: An cimma ta hanyar ƙara masu filastik, ana amfani da PVC mai sassauƙa a cikin aikace-aikace inda ake buƙatar lanƙwasa ko sassauƙa, kamar rufin igiyoyin lantarki, na'urorin likitanci, da bene.

Me yasa ake amfani da PVC sau da yawa?

Shahararriyar PVC ta samo asali ne daga tamaras tsada, samuwa, kumafadi da kewayon kaddarorin. PVC mai ƙarfi yana da fifiko musamman don aikace-aikacen tsari saboda ƙarfinsa da ƙarfinsa, yayin da taushin PVC mai sassauƙa da sassauci ya sa ya dace don samfuran da ke buƙatar lanƙwasa, kamar bututun likita ko bene.

Ta yaya ake kera PVC?

Ana samar da PVC ta hanyar ɗayan hanyoyin polymerization guda uku:

• Dakatar da polymerization
• Emulsion polymerization
• Babban polymerization

Waɗannan matakai sun haɗa da polymerization na vinyl chloride monomers zuwa ƙwaƙƙwaran polyvinyl chloride, wanda za'a iya sarrafa shi zuwa samfura iri-iri.

PVC a cikin Haɓaka Samfura: CNC Machining, 3D Printing, da Injection Molding

Duk da yake PVC sanannen abu ne a cikin masana'antu daban-daban, yana gabatar da wasu ƙalubale yayin da ake yin samfuri da masana'anta:

• Farashin CNC: Ana iya yanke PVC ta amfani da injin CNC, amma yana da lalata da lalata, don haka ana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman (kamar masu yankan ƙarfe) don hana lalacewa da tsagewa.
• 3D Bugawa: Ba a saba amfani da PVC don bugu na 3D saboda yanayin lalatarsa. Bugu da ƙari, yana fitar da iskar gas mai guba lokacin da aka yi zafi, yana mai da shi mafi ƙarancin kayan aiki don wannan dalili.
• Injection Molding: PVC na iya zamaallura gyare-gyare, amma wannan tsari yana buƙatar samun iska mai kyau da kayan aiki mai jurewa lalata saboda fitar da iskar gas mai cutarwa kamar hydrogen chloride (HCl).

Shin PVC mai guba ne?

PVC na iya sakihayaki mai gubalokacin konewa ko zafi, musamman a cikin saitunan masana'antu kamar bugu na 3D, injinan CNC, da gyaran allura. Kayan na iya fitar da iskar gas mai cutarwa kamarchlorobenzenekumahydrogen chloride, wanda zai iya haifar da haɗari ga lafiya. Yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da ingantaccen samun iska da kayan kariya yayin sarrafawa.

Amfanin PVC

• Mai tsada: PVC yana ɗaya daga cikin robobi mafi araha da ake samu.
• Dorewa: Yana tsayayya da tasiri, sinadarai, da lalata muhalli.
• Ƙarfi: PVC yana ba da ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ban sha'awa, musamman a cikin tsayayyen tsari.
• Yawanci: PVC za a iya gyare-gyare, yanke, da kuma kafa shi a cikin nau'i-nau'i masu yawa, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikace daban-daban.

Rashin amfani da PVC

• Hankalin zafi: PVC yana da rashin kwanciyar hankali na zafi, wanda ke nufin zai iya raguwa ko raguwa a yanayin zafi mai zafi sai dai idan an ƙara masu ƙarfafawa yayin samarwa.
• Fitarwa mai guba: Lokacin ƙonewa ko narke, PVC yana fitar da hayaki mai cutarwa, yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali da ka'idojin aminci.
• Halin Lalata: PVC na iya zama lalata ga kayan aikin ƙarfe da kayan aiki idan ba a kula da su yadda ya kamata ba.

Kammalawa

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) abu ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke ba da ingantacciyar ma'auni na araha, ƙarfi, da juriya ga abubuwan muhalli. Siffofin sa daban-daban, masu ƙarfi da sassauƙa, suna ba da damar amfani da shi a cikin masana'antu da yawa, daga gini zuwa kiwon lafiya. Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci yuwuwar haɗarin lafiya da ƙalubalen sarrafa PVC, musamman game da hayaƙin sa da yanayin lalata. Lokacin da aka sarrafa shi daidai, PVC abu ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa a masana'antu da gine-gine na zamani.