Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa plastiki bushyuha?

Plastike ikoreshwa mumasoko hafi ya yose kubera uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora, bidahenze, kandi inyubako nini. Hejuru no hejuru ya plastiki yibicuruzwa bisanzwe hariho urwego rwubudahangarwa bukomeyeplastikiibyo birashobora guhangana nubushyuhe budashobora. Izi plastiki zikoreshwa mugukoresha ubuhanga buhanitse aho kuvanga imbaraga zishyushye, imbaraga za mashini, hamwe no kurwanya bikabije ni ngombwa. Iyi nyandiko izasobanura plastike irwanya ubushyuhe icyo aricyo n'impamvu ari nziza cyane.

Ubushuhe burwanya plastike ni iki?

Ubusanzwe plastiki irwanya ubushyuhe ni ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwa plastiki ifite ubushyuhe buri gihe bwo gukoresha ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 150 ° C (302 ° F) cyangwa kwihanganira by'agateganyo 250 ° C (482 ° F) cyangwa birenze. Mu yandi magambo, ibicuruzwa birashobora gukomeza inzira hejuru ya 150 ° C kandi birashobora kwihanganira igihe gito kuri 250 ° C. Hamwe no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwabo, plastiki mubisanzwe zifite amazu yimashini zidasanzwe zishobora no guhura nay'ibyuma. Amashanyarazi adashobora gushyuha arashobora gufata imiterere ya thermoplastique, thermosets, cyangwa Photopolymers.

Plastike igizwe n'iminyururu ndende. Iyo bishyushye, iminyururu iri hagati yiyi minyururu yangiritse, bigatuma ibicuruzwa bishonga. Plastike yagabanutse ubushyuhe bwo gushonga ubusanzwe igizwe nimpeta ya alifatique mugihe plastiki yubushyuhe bwo hejuru igizwe nimpeta zihumura. Kubireba impeta zihumura neza, imigozi ibiri yimiti igomba kwangirika (ugereranije nimpeta ya aliphatic impeta yonyine) mbere yuko ibice bisenyuka. Rero, birakomeye gushonga ibyo bicuruzwa.

Usibye chimie yibanze, ubushyuhe bwa plastike burashobora kongererwa imbaraga ukoresheje ibikoresho. Mubintu bisanzwe byongeweho mukuzamura ubushyuhe bwurwego rwubushyuhe harimo fibre fibre. Fibre nayo ifite inyungu ziyongereye zo kongera ubukana bwuzuye hamwe nimbaraga.

Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kumenya ubushyuhe bwa plastike. Ibyinshi byingenzi byerekanwe hano:

• Ubushyuhe bwo Guhindura Ubushyuhe Urwego (HDT) - Ubu ni ubushyuhe plastike izajya ikora munsi yubufindo bwateganijwe. Iki gipimo ntikibara ingaruka zishobora kubaho igihe kirekire kubicuruzwa niba ubwo bushyuhe bufashwe mugihe kinini.
• Guhindura Ibirahure Ubushyuhe (Tg) - Kubijyanye na plastike ya amorphous, Tg isobanura ubushyuhe ibintu bihindura rubberi cyangwa ibishishwa.
• Gukomeza Gukoresha Ubushyuhe (CUT) - Kugaragaza ubushyuhe bwiza aho plastiki ishobora guhora ikoreshwa idasenyutse cyane mumazu yubukanishi mugihe cyagenwe cyubuzima.

Kuberiki ukoresha plastike yubushyuhe?

Plastike ikoreshwa cyane. Ariko, ni ukubera iki umuntu yakoresha plastike kubushyuhe bwo hejuru mugihe ibyuma bishobora gukora ibintu bimwe hejuru yubushyuhe bwagutse? Hano hano hari impamvu zimwe na zimwe:

1. Uburemere buke - Plastike yoroshye kuruta ibyuma. Niyo mpamvu ari byiza cyane mubisabwa mumodoka no mumasoko yindege yishingikiriza kubintu byoroheje kugirango bizamure imikorere rusange.
2. Kurwanya Rust - Plastike zimwe na zimwe zifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ingese kuruta ibyuma iyo bigaragaye ku miti itandukanye. Ibi birashobora kuba nkenerwa mubisabwa birimo ubushyuhe hamwe nikirere gikaze nkibiri mu nganda zikora imiti.
3. Gukora ibintu byoroshye - Ibikoresho bya plastiki birashobora gukorwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ribyara umusaruro mwinshi nko gutera inshinge. Ibi bivamo ibice bidahenze kuri buri gice ugereranije nicyuma cya CNC gisya. Ibice bya plastiki birashobora kandi gukorwa hifashishijwe icapiro rya 3D rituma imiterere igoye kandi igahinduka neza kuruta kugerwaho hifashishijwe imashini ya CNC.
4. Insulator - Plastike irashobora gukora nkumuriro wumuriro n amashanyarazi. Ibi bituma biba byiza aho amashanyarazi ashobora kwangiza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroshye cyangwa aho ubushyuhe bushobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubikorwa byibigize.

Ubwoko bwa Hejuru-Ubushyuhe bwo Kurwanya Plastike

Hano hari amatsinda 2 yingenzi ya thermoplastique - aribyo amorphous na semicrystalline plastike. Plastiki idashobora gushyuha irashobora kuvumburwa muri buri tsinda nkuko bigaragara ku mubare wa 1 urutonde hepfo. Itandukaniro ryibanze hagati yibi 2 nigikorwa cyo gushonga. Igicuruzwa cya amorphous ntigifite aho gishonga ariko cyoroshe buhoro buhoro uko ubushyuhe buzamuka. Igice cya kirisiti, ugereranije, gifite aho gishonga cyane.

Kurutonde hano hari ibicuruzwa bitangwa kuvaDTG. Hamagara umukozi wa DTG niba ukeneye ibicuruzwa birambuye bitagaragara hano.

Polyetherimide (PEI).

Ibi bikoresho bikunze gusobanurwa nizina ryubucuruzi bwa Ultem kandi ni plastike ya amorphous ifite inyubako zidasanzwe zubushyuhe nubukanishi. Irashobora kandi gucana umuriro nubwo nta kintu na kimwe kirimo. Nyamara, kurwanya flame byumwihariko bigomba kugenzurwa kuri datasheet yibicuruzwa. DTG itanga imico ibiri ya Ultem plastike yo gucapa 3D.

Polyamide (PA).

Polyamide, izwi cyane ku izina ry'ubucuruzi, Nylon, ifite amazu meza cyane adashobora gushyuha, cyane cyane iyo ahujwe n'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho byuzuza. Usibye ibi, Nylon irwanya cyane abrasion. DTG itanga nylons zitandukanye zirwanya ubushyuhe hamwe nibikoresho byinshi byuzuza nkuko bigaragara hano hepfo.

Photopolymers.

Photopolymers ni plastiki zitandukanye ziza kuba polymerize gusa bitewe ningaruka zumutungo wo hanze nkumucyo UV cyangwa uburyo bwihariye bwa optique. Ibi bikoresho birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango habeho ibice byujuje ubuziranenge byatangajwe hamwe na geometrike igoye bidashoboka hamwe nudushya twinshi two gukora. Mu cyiciro cya Photopolymers, DTG itanga plastiki 2 zidashobora guhangana nubushyuhe.