Plastics chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwazvino, kubva pakurongedza kwechikafu nemishonga kusvika kuzvikamu zvemotokari, zvishandiso zvekurapa, uye zvipfeko. Muchokwadi, mapurasitiki akachinja maindasitiri akasiyana, uye zvaari kuita pahupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva hazvirambike. Zvisinei, sezvo nyika yakatarisana nekukura kwezvinetso zvezvakatipoteredza, kunzwisisa mapurasitiki anokosha-zvose maererano nekushandiswa kwawo uye maitiro avo ezvakatipoteredza-zvakakosha. Pazasi, isu tichaongorora gumi neshanu akakosha mapurasitiki, maitiro awo, mashandisiro, zvinonetsa kuchengetedza, uye kugona kudzokorodza.
1. Polyethylene (PE)
Mhando dzePolyethylene: LDPE vs. HDPE
Polyethylene ndeimwe yemapurasitiki akajairika uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munyika. Inouya mumhando mbiri huru: yakaderera-density polyethylene (LDPE) uye yakakwirira-density polyethylene (HDPE). Nepo ese ari maviri akagadzirwa kubva ku polymerization ye ethylene, misiyano yavo yezvimiro inotungamira kune akasiyana zvivakwa.
- LDPE: Mhando iyi inonyanya kuchinjika, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune zvikumbiro zvakaita semabhegi epurasitiki, mabhodhoro ekusvina, uye kuputira chikafu.
- HDPE: Inozivikanwa nekusimba kwayo kukuru uye kuomarara, HDPE inowanzoshandiswa kune zvigadzirwa zvakaita sejugi dzemukaka, mabhodhoro ekugezesa, uye pombi.
Zvakajairwa Kushandiswa kwePolyethylene muKurongedza uye Mumidziyo
Polyethylene inonyanya kushandiswa mukurongedza, kusanganisira mabhegi epurasitiki, mafirimu, midziyo, uye mabhodhoro. Kugara kwayo, kuramba kunyorova, uye mutengo-kushanda kunoita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka kune aya maapplication.
Environmental Impact uye Recycling Matambudziko
Pasinei nekushandiswa kwakapararira, polyethylene inokonzera matambudziko makuru ezvakatipoteredza. Sechinhu chisiri-biodegradable material, inoungana mumarara uye munyanza. Nekudaro, zvirongwa zvekudzokorodza zveHDPE zvakadzika-dzika, kunyangwe LDPE isinganyanyi kudzokororwa, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa.
2. Polypropylene (PP)
Zvivakwa uye Mabhenefiti ePolypropylene
Polypropylene ipurasitiki inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana inozivikanwa nekuoma kwayo, makemikari kuramba, uye yakakwirira kunyungudika. Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa mapurasitiki mumidziyo yechikafu, zvikamu zvemotokari, uye machira. Kusiyana nepolyethylene, polypropylene inonyanya kushingirira kuneta, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira maapplication anosanganisira kudzokororwa kuchinjika.
Inoshandiswa muMachira, Motokari, uye Chikafu Packaging
Polypropylene inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvipfeko (sefayibha), zvinhu zvemotokari (senge mabumpers uye mapaneru emukati), uye kurongedza chikafu (senge midziyo yeyogati uye mabhodhoro kapisi). Kupokana kwayo kumakemikari uye hunyoro kunoita kuti ive yakakwana kune ese mutengi uye maindasitiri ekushandisa.
Sustainability uye Kudzokorora Kuedza muPolypropylene
Polypropylene inodzokororwa, asi kazhinji inodzokororwa zvishoma nekuda kwekusvibiswa kwechikafu nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvichangoburwa zvitsva zvakatarisana nekuvandudza kushanda kwepolypropylene kudzokorodza kudzikisa kwayo nharaunda tsoka.
3. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Mhando dzePVC: Rigid vs. Flexible
PVC ipurasitiki inoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana inouya nenzira mbiri huru: yakaoma uye inoshanduka. Rigid PVC inowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka senge pombi, mahwindo, nemagonhi, nepo PVC inochinjika ichishandiswa mukurapa tubing, pasi, uye tambo dzemagetsi.
Kushandiswa kwakakosha kwePVC muKuvaka uye Zvishandiso zvekurapa
Mukuvaka, PVC inoshandiswa papombi dzepombi, pasi, uye mahwindo. Kuchinjika kwayo uye kuramba mukuora zvakare kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune zvekurapa zvikumbiro senge IV tubing, mabhegi eropa, uye catheter.
Chengetedzo uye Zvemamiriro ekunze Zvinonengana nePVC
PVC yakasimudza kushushikana kwehutano nekuda kwekugona kuburitswa kwemakemikari ane muchetura senge dioxin panguva yekugadzirwa kwayo uye kuraswa. Iyo plasticizer additives inoshandiswa muPVC inoshanduka inoisawo njodzi dzehutano. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kudzokorodza uye kuraswa kwakaringana kwePVC kwave kunetsa kwezvakatipoteredza.
4. Polystyrene (PS)
Mhando dzePolystyrene: Inowedzera vs. General Chinangwa
Polystyrene inouya mumhando mbiri huru: general-purpose polystyrene (GPPS) uye inowedzera polystyrene (EPS). Iyo yekupedzisira inozivikanwa nekuita senge furo zvimiro uye inowanzoshandiswa mukurongedza zvinhu zvakaita sekurongedza nzungu nemidziyo yekubvisa.
Kushandiswa kwePolystyrene muKurongedza uye Zvinhu Zvinoraswa
Polystyrene inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuraswa kucheka, makapu, uye zvekurongedza zvinhu. Mutengo wayo usingadhuri wekugadzira uye kureruka kwekuumbwa kwakaita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira kune imwechete-kushandisa zvinhu zvevatengi.
Njodzi dzehutano uye Kudzokorodza Matambudziko ePolystyrene
Polystyrene inokonzeresa hutano uye njodzi yezvakatipoteredza, kunyanya nekuti inogona kuputsa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zvinosvibisa zvitubu zvemvura. Kunyangwe ichigonekazve nehunyanzvi, zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvepolystyrene hazvidzokororwe nekuda kwemutengo wakakwira uye kudzoka kwakaderera.
5. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)
Zvakanakira zvePET zveMabhodhoro uye Packaging
PET ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa mapurasitiki emabhodhoro ezvinwiwa uye midziyo yekudya. Iyo yakareruka, yakajeka, uye inopikisa zvakanyanya kunyoro uye oksijeni, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kurongedza zvigadzirwa zvinoda hupenyu hurefu hwesherufu.
Kudzokororwa kwePET: Kutarisa muCircular Economy
PET inonyanya kushandiswazve, uye zvirongwa zvakawanda zvekudzokorodza zvinotarisa pakushandura mabhodhoro ePET akashandiswa kuita zvigadzirwa zvitsva, zvinosanganisira zvipfeko uye kapeti. Iyo "denderedzwa hupfumi" yePET iri kukura, nekuwedzera kuedza kuvhara loop nekudzoreredza uye kushandisa zvakare purasitiki iyi.
Zvemamiriro ekunze Zvakatenderedza PET
Kunyange zvazvo PET ichishandiswazve, chikamu chikuru chePET tsvina inopera mumarara uye mumakungwa nekuda kwekuderera kwekuita zvakare. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo simba-yakanyanya kugadzirwa maitiro ePET inobatsira mukuburitsa kabhoni, zvichiita kuti kusimbarame kuedza kuve kwakakosha.
6. Polylactic Acid (PLA)
Zvivakwa uye Biodegradability yePLA
Polylactic Acid (PLA) ipurasitiki inogona kuparara inogadzirwa kubva kune zvinogoneka kutsvakwa senge chibage starch kana nzimbe. Iine zvimiro zvakafanana nemapurasitiki akajairwa asi inoputsika zviri nyore pasi pemamiriro ekugadzira manyowa, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inokwezva kune vatengi vanoziva zvakatipoteredza.
Zvishandiso zvePLA muEco-Hushamwari Zvigadzirwa
PLA inowanzo shandiswa mukurongedza, kuraswa cutlery, uye 3D kudhinda. Inoonekwa seimwe yakasarudzika kune echinyakare mapurasitiki nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuputsa mukugadzira komputa.
Zvinetso zvePLA muIndustrial Composting uye Kudzokorodza
Nepo PLA ichigoneka pasi pemamiriro akakodzera, inoda composting yemaindasitiri kuti iparare zvakanaka. Uyezve, PLA inogona kusvibisa nzizi dzekudzokorodza kana dzakasanganiswa nemamwe mapurasitiki, sezvo isingadzikisire nenzira yakafanana nemapurasitiki akajairwa.
7. Polycarbonate (PC)
Nei Polycarbonate Yakakosha muMagetsi uye Chekuchengetedza Gear
Polycarbonate ipurasitiki inoonekera, yakasimba-yakasimba inowanzoshandiswa mumalenzi emaziso, ngowani dzekuchengetedza, uye midziyo yemagetsi. Kugona kwayo kushingirira kuita kunoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira yezvishandiso zvinoda kusimba uye kujeka.
Mabhenefiti ePolycarbonate mune Transparent Application
Polycarbonate's optical clarity, yakasanganiswa nekuoma kwayo, inoita kuti ive yakanakira lenzi, optical discs (senge maCD nemaDVD), uye nhovo dzekudzivirira. Iyo inoshandiswa zvakare mumotokari uye yekuvaka glazing nekuda kwekureruka kwayo uye kusimba.
Nhaurirano yehutano: BPA uye Polycarbonate
Imwe yezvinonyanya kunetsekana nezve polycarbonate ingangodaro leaching yeBisphenol A (BPA), kemikari inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwayo. BPA yakabatanidzwa kune dzakasiyana nyaya dzehutano, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekuda kwevatengi kweBPA-yemahara dzimwe nzira.
8. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
Kusimba kweABS muConsumer Electronics
ABS ipurasitiki yakasimba, yakaomarara inowanzoshandiswa mumagetsi evatengi, senge dzimba dzemakomputa, mafoni, uye mitambo yemitambo. Inoshingirira pakukanganisa, ichiita kuti ive yakanaka kudzivirira zvinhu zvemagetsi zvinonzwisisika.
Kushandisa ABS muMotokari uye Toy Manufacturing
ABS inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvemotokari uye matoyi. Kugona kwayo kuumbwa kuita maumbirwo akaomarara kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvinogara, zvisingaremi.
Kudzokorora Kugona uye Kusimba kweABS
Nepo ABS isiri kudzokororwa zvakanyanya semamwe mamwe mapurasitiki, inogoneka zvakare. Tsvagiridzo yekuvandudza maitiro ekudzokorodza eABS iri kuenderera mberi, uye kune kufarira kuri kuwedzera mukushandisa yakadzokororwa ABS mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvitsva.
9. Nylon (Polyamide)
Yakasiyana-siyana yeNylon mune Zvipfeko uye Maindasitiri Zvishandiso
Nylon i polymer yekugadzira inozivikanwa nekusimba kwayo, elasticity, uye kuramba kupfeka uye kubvaruka. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvipfeko (semuenzaniso, masokisi uye anoshanda zvipfeko), pamwe chete nemaindasitiri ekushandisa senge tambo, magiya, uye mabhengi.
Hunhu Hunokosha hweNylon: Kugara, Kuchinjika, uye Simba
Kugona kwenylon kushingirira kudzokororwa kushandiswa pasina kushatisa kunoita kuti ive yakanakira maapplication anoda kuchinjika uye kusimba. Uyezve, inopesana nehunyoro uye makemikari akawanda.
Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye Kudzokorodza Zvinetso zveNylon
Kunyange zvazvo nylon yakasimba, inokonzera matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza. Haisi biodegradable, uye kudzokorodza mitengo yenylon yakaderera, zvichitungamira mukuunganidzwa kwemarara. Makambani ari kutsvaga nzira dzekugadzirisa naironi zvakanaka, kunyanya mumachira.
10.Polyurethane (PU)
Polyurethane muFoam uye Coatings
Polyurethane ipurasitiki inoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana inoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kubva pamafuro akapfava kusvika kune akaomesesa ekuisa uye machira. Inowanzoshandiswa mumakusheni efenicha, mapenera ekudzivirira, uye machira ekudzivirira ematanda nesimbi.
Mhando dzakasiyana dze polyurethane uye mashandisirwo awo
Kune akati wandei mafomu e polyurethane, anosanganisira anochinjika furo, akaomeswa furo, uye elastomers. Rudzi rwega rwega rune maapplication akasiyana, kubva kune zvekuvaka kusvika kune zvemotokari zvikamu uye shangu.
Matambudziko muKudzokorora Polyurethane
Polyurethane inopa akakosha kudzokorodza matambudziko nekuda kwekuoma kwayo kemikari chimiro. Parizvino, kune zvirongwa zvishoma zvekudzokorodza zve polyurethane, kunyangwe kuedza kuri kuitwa kugadzira dzimwe nzira dzakasimba.
11.Polyoxymethylene (POM)
Kushandiswa kwePOM muPrecision Engineering uye Mota
Polyoxymethylene, inozivikanwawo seacetal, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune chaiyo engineering maapplication uko kusimba kwepamusoro uye kuderera kwakadzika kunodiwa. Inowanzoshandiswa muzvikamu zvemotokari, magetsi ekubatanidza, uye magiya.
Nei POM Yakakurumbira kune Mechanical Zvikamu
POM yakanakisa kupfeka kuramba, kugadzikana kwedimensional, uye yakaderera kukweshera kunoita kuti ive yakanakira yakakwira-chaiyo mechanika zvikamu. Inowanzoshandiswa mumagiya, mabheya, uye zvimwe zvikamu zvinofamba.
Kudzokorora uye Kurasa Polyoxymethylene
Polyoxymethylene inonetsa kudzokorodza nekuda kwemakemikari ayo. Nekudaro, tsvakiridzo mukudzokorodza kwayo iri kuenderera mberi, uye hutsva huri kuongororwa kuvandudza kushandiswazve kwePOM.
12.Polyimide (PI)
Zvishandiso zvePolyimide muAerospace uye Electronics
Polyimide ipurasitiki inoshanda zvakanyanya inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhepo uye zvemagetsi nekuda kwekugadzikana kwayo kwekupisa uye kuramba kumakemikari. Inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvakaita semasekete anochinjika, zvisimbiso zvekudzivirira, uye zvisimbiso zvinopisa.
Zvimiro zvePolyimide: Kupisa Kupokana uye Kusimba
Polyimide inogona kumira kutonhora kwakanyanya (kusvika ku500 ° F kana kupfuura) pasina kushatisa. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa munzvimbo umo mamwe mapurasitiki aizoputsika.
Matambudziko Ezvakatipoteredza ane Polyimide Disposal
Nepo polyimide ichipa kuita kwakatanhamara mumaindasitiri chaiwo, haina biodegradable uye inonetsa kudzokorodza, zvichisimudza kunetsa kwezvakatipoteredza zvine chekuita nekurasa.
13.Epoxy Resin
Maindasitiri uye Inyanzvi Kushandiswa kweEpoxy Resin
Epoxy resin inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sechinhu chinosungirirana, mumachira, uye mumacomposites. Inowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka, maindasitiri emotokari, uye emugungwa nekuda kwekusimba kwayo uye kuramba mvura. Iyo zvakare inowana kushandiswa muhunyanzvi uye mhizha nekuda kwekusiyana kwayo uye kupera kwakajeka.
Izvo Zvakanakira zveEpoxy zveBonding uye Coatings
Epoxy inopa yepamusoro yekunamira zvivakwa uye inogadzira yakasimba, inogara kwenguva refu zvisungo, zvichiita kuti ive yakanaka kune maapplication anoda kunamatira kwakasimba uye kuramba kupisa nemakemikari.
Hutano uye Zvekunetseka Kwezvakatipoteredza zveEpoxy Resin
Kugadzirwa uye kushandiswa kweepoxy resins kunogona kuburitsa makemikari anokuvadza, akadai sevolatile organic compounds (VOCs). Kubata kwakachengeteka uye kuraswa kwakakodzera kunodiwa kuderedza njodzi idzi.
14.Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)
Nei PEEK Inoshandiswa muAerospace, Medical, uye Industrial Fields
PEEK imhando yepamusoro-inoita polima inozivikanwa nekusimba kwayo, kupikisa makemikari, uye kudzivirira kupisa. Inoshandiswa muaerospace, maimplants ekurapa, uye maindasitiri ekushandisa anoda kusimba kwakanyanya.
Zvivakwa zvePEEK: Simba, Kupisa Kupokana, uye Kusimba
PEEK's yepamusoro zvivakwa inoita kuti ive chinhu chakanakira zvinhu zvakafumurwa kune tembiricha yakakwira kana hutsinye hwemakemikari nharaunda, sezvisimbiso, mabearings, uye maimplants ekurapa.
Matambudziko Ezvakatipoteredza uye Kudzokororwa kwePEEK
Kudzokorodza PEEK kunoramba kwakaoma nekuda kwechimiro chayo chemakemikari uye mutengo wakakura une chekuita nekugadzirisa. Nekudaro, tsvakiridzo inoenderera mberi iri kutsvaga mhinduro dzakasimba dzekudzokorodza kwePEEK.
15.Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)
Zvishandiso zvePVDF muChemical and Electronics Industries
PVDF ipurasitiki inoshanda zvakanyanya inoshandiswa muzvishandiso zvinoda kuramba makemikari, kupisa, uye kufambisa kwemagetsi. Inowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri yemakemikari yepombi uye muindasitiri yemagetsi yekuvhara wiring.
Properties: Resistance kune Corrosion uye High Temperature
PVDF inokunda munzvimbo umo mamwe mapurasitiki anogona kudzikisira, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune hutsinye hwemakemikari uye kupisa kwepamusoro.
Iyo Sustainability yePolyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)
Kunyangwe ichinyanya kusimba uye ichishingirira kudzikira, PVDF inoisa zvimhingamipinyi pakudzokorodza nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakaoma. Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kunosanganisira kusvibiswa panguva yekuraswa kana kusina kugadziriswa nemazvo.
Mhedziso
Sezvo isu tichifambira mberi mune imwe nguva iyo kusimba uye eco-consciousness iri kuwedzera kukoshesa, kunzwisisa basa rinoitwa nemapurasitiki munharaunda yemazuva ano kwakakosha. Mapurasitiki akaita se polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, uye PLA ari pakati pemaindasitiri akasiyana, kubva pakurongedza chikafu kuenda kumhepo. Nekudaro, kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwemarara epurasitiki hazvirambike, uye kuvandudza kudzokorodza, kuderedza marara, uye kutsvaga zvimwe zvinhu zvichave zvakakosha pakugadzirisa matambudziko aya mune ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-15-2025
