Kemiso e Pharalletseng: Lipolasetiki tse 15 tsa Bohlokoa ka ho Fetisisa

Plastiki ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea bophelo ba sejoale-joale, ho tloha ho pakang lijo le meriana ho isa ho likarolo tsa koloi, lisebelisoa tsa bongaka le liaparo. Ebile, lipolasetiki li fetotse liindasteri tse fapaneng, 'me phello ea tsona bophelong ba rona ba letsatsi le letsatsi e ke ke ea latoloa. Leha ho le joalo, ha lefats'e le tobane le mathata a ntseng a eketseha a tikoloho, ho utloisisa lipolasetiki tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa-ho latela tšebeliso ea tsona le liphello tsa tsona tsa tikoloho-ke habohlokoa. Ka tlase, re tla hlahloba lipolasetiki tse 15 tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, litšobotsi tsa tsona, ts'ebeliso, mathata a ts'ebetso, le bokhoni ba ho li sebelisa hape.

1. Polyethylene (PE)

Mefuta ea Polyethylene: LDPE vs. HDPE

Polyethylene ke e 'ngoe ea lipolasetiki tse atileng haholo le tse sebelisoang haholo lefatšeng. E tla ka mefuta e 'meli e meholo: polyethylene e tlaase-tlaase (LDPE) le polyethylene e phahameng haholo (HDPE). Le ha ka bobeli li entsoe ka polymerization ea ethylene, liphapang tsa bona tsa sebopeho li lebisa mekhoeng e fapaneng.

• LDPE: Mofuta ona o bonolo haholoanyane, o etsa hore o tšoanelehe bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kang mekotla ea polasetiki, libotlolo tse petetsang, le liphutheloana tsa lijo.
• HDPE: E tsebahala ka matla a eona a maholo le ho satalla, HDPE e atisa ho sebelisoa bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse kang lijeke tsa lebese, libotlolo tsa sesepa le liphaephe.

Tšebeliso e Tloaelehileng ea Polyethylene ka Paketeng le Lijaneng

Polyethylene e sebelisoa haholo ho paka, ho kenyeletsoa mekotla ea polasetiki, lifilimi, lijana le libotlolo. Ho tšoarella ha eona, ho hanyetsa mongobo, le ho sebetsa hantle ha eona ho etsa hore e be khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsena.

Tšusumetso ea Tikoloho le Mathata a ho Recycle

Leha e sebelisoa haholo, polyethylene e baka mathata a bohlokoa a tikoloho. E le thepa e sa senyeheng, e bokellana ka har'a lithōle le leoatleng. Leha ho le joalo, mananeo a ho recycle a HDPE a thehiloe hantle, leha LDPE e sa sebelisoe hangata, e tlatsetsang tšilafalong.

2. Polypropylene (PP)

Thepa le Melemo ea Polypropylene

Polypropylene ke polasetiki e feto-fetohang e tsebahalang ka ho thatafala ha eona, khanyetso ea lik'hemik'hale, le ntlha e phahameng ea ho qhibiliha. Ke e 'ngoe ea li-plastiki tse sebelisoang haholo ka har'a lijana tsa lijo, likarolo tsa likoloi le masela. Ho fapana le polyethylene, polypropylene e hanyetsana haholo le mokhathala, e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse kenyelletsang ho phunya khafetsa.

E sebelisoa ho Masela, Likoloi le Liphutheloana tsa Lijo

Polypropylene e sebelisoa haholo liphahlong (joalo ka faeba), likarolo tsa koloi (joalo ka li-bumpers le liphanele tsa ka hare), le ho paka lijo (joalo ka lijana tsa yogurt le likatiba tsa botlolo). Ho hanyetsa ha eona lik'hemik'hale le mongobo ho etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa bareki le tsa indasteri.

Boiteko ba Moshoelella le Bochafatso ka Polypropylene

Polypropylene e ka sebelisoa hape, empa hangata ha e sebelisoe hape ka lebaka la tšilafalo ea lijo le lisebelisoa tse ling. Lits'ebetso tsa morao-rao li tsepamisitse maikutlo ho ntlafatseng ts'ebetso ea polypropylene recycling ho fokotsa sebaka sa eona sa tikoloho.

3. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Mefuta ea PVC: E thata vs. Flexible

PVC ke polasetiki e feto-fetohang e tlang ka mefuta e 'meli ea mantlha: e thata ebile e tenyetseha. PVC e thata e atisa ho sebelisoa linthong tsa kaho tse kang liphaephe, lifensetere le mamati, ha PVC e tenyetsehang e sebelisoa ho li-tubing tsa bongaka, fatše le lithapo tsa motlakase.

Lisebelisoa tsa Bohlokoa tsa PVC ho Lisebelisoa tsa Kaho le tsa Bongaka

Kahong, PVC e sebelisoa bakeng sa lipeipi tsa metsi, fatše le liforeimi tsa lifensetere. Ho tenyetseha ha eona le ho hanyetsa ho bola ho boetse ho etsa hore e be se loketseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa bongaka tse kang IV tubing, mekotla ea mali le li-catheters.

Tšireletseho le Matšoenyeho a Tikoloho a Amanang le PVC

PVC e hlahisitse matšoenyeho a bophelo bo botle ka lebaka la ho lokolloa ha lik'hemik'hale tse chefo joalo ka dioxin nakong ea tlhahiso le ho lahla. Lisebelisoa tsa polasetiki tse sebelisoang ho PVC e tenyetsehang le tsona li beha likotsi tsa bophelo bo botle. Ka lebaka leo, ho tsosolosa le ho lahloa ka nepo ha PVC ho fetohile mathata a bohlokoa a tikoloho.

4. Polystyrene (PS)

Mefuta ea Polystyrene: E Atolosoang vs. Sepheo se Akaretsang

Polystyrene e tla ka mefuta e 'meli e meholo: polystyrene e sebelisoang ka kakaretso (GPPS) le polystyrene e ka atolohang (EPS). Ea morao-rao e tsebahala ka thepa ea eona e kang foam 'me hangata e sebelisoa ho paka thepa e kang ho paka matokomane le lijana tsa ho ntša.

Tšebeliso ea Polystyrene linthong tsa ho paka le tse lahloang

Polystyrene e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa li-cutlery tse lahliloeng, linoelo le lisebelisoa tsa ho paka. Litsenyehelo tsa eona tse theko e tlaase tsa tlhahiso le boiketlo ba ho bopa li entse hore e be khetho e ratoang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang ke bareki.

Likotsi tsa Bophelo bo Botle le Mathata a ho Recycling ea Polystyrene

Polystyrene e baka likotsi tsa bophelo bo botle le tikoloho, haholo hobane e ka senyeha ho ba likaroloana tse nyane tse silafatsang mehloli ea metsi. Le ha e ka sebelisoa hape ka botekgeniki, lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa polystyrene ha li sebelisoe hape ka lebaka la theko e phahameng le phaello e tlase.

5. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET)

Melemo ea PET bakeng sa Libotlolo le Packaging

PET ke e 'ngoe ea lipolasetiki tse sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa libotlolo tsa lino le lijana tsa lijo. E bobebe, e pepenene ebile e hanyetsana haholo le mongobo le oksijene, e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa ho paka tse hlokang bophelo ba nako e telele.

Recycling of PET: A Look into the Circular Economy

PET e sebelisoa haholo, 'me mananeo a mangata a ho tsosolosa a shebane le ho fetola libotlolo tsa PET tse sebelisitsoeng lihlahisoa tse ncha, ho kenyeletsoa liaparo le k'hapete. "Moruo o chitja" bakeng sa PET o ntse o hola, ka boiteko bo ntseng bo eketseha ba ho koala loop ka ho nchafatsa le ho sebelisa polasetiki ena hape.

Matšoenyeho a Tikoloho a Potileng PET

Le hoja PET e sebelisoa hape, karolo e kholo ea litšila tsa PET e qetella e le litsing tsa mobu le maoatleng ka lebaka la litekanyetso tse tlaase tsa ho tsosolosa. Ho feta moo, ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e matla ea matla ea PET e kenya letsoho tlhahisong ea khabone, ho etsa hore boiteko ba ts'ebetso bo be bohlokoa.

6. Polylactic Acid (PLA)

Thepa le Biodegradability ea PLA

Polylactic Acid (PLA) ke polasetiki e ka bola e entsoeng ka lisebelisoa tse ka nchafatsoang joalo ka starch ea poone kapa 'moba. E na le thepa e tšoanang le ea li-plastiki tse tloaelehileng empa e senya habonolo tlas'a maemo a manyolo, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e khahlehang bakeng sa bareki ba hlokomelang tikoloho.

Lisebelisoa tsa PLA ho Lihlahisoa tsa Eco-Friendly

Hangata PLA e sebelisoa ho paka, ho lahla lintho, le khatiso ea 3D. E nkoa e le mokhoa o tsitsitseng ho feta oa li-plastiki tsa setso ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona ba ho senya lits'ebetsong tsa composting.

Mathata a PLA ho Industrial Composting le Recycling

Le hoja PLA e senyeha ka tlas'a maemo a nepahetseng, e hloka hore manyolo a indasteri a senyehe ka katleho. Ho feta moo, PLA e ka silafatsa melapo ea ho sebelisoa hape ha e kopantsoe le lipolasetiki tse ling, kaha ha e fokotsehe ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le oa polasetiki o tloaelehileng.

7. Polycarbonate (PC)

Hobaneng ha Polycarbonate e le Bohlokoa ho Lisebelisoa tsa Elektronike le Tšireletseho

Polycarbonate ke polasetiki e bonaletsang, e matla a holimo e sebelisoang hangata ho lilense tsa mahlo, lihelmete tsa polokeho le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Bokhoni ba eona ba ho mamella tšusumetso bo etsa hore e be khetho e tsebahalang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse hlokang ho tšoarella le ho hlaka.

Melemo ea Polycarbonate ho Ts'ebeliso e Bonahalang

Polycarbonate's optical clear, hammoho le ho tiea ha eona, e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa lilense, li-optical discs (joaloka li-CD le li-DVD) le lithebe tse sireletsang. E boetse e sebelisoa ho glazing ea likoloi le meaho ka lebaka la bobebe le ho tšoarella ha eona.

Phehisano ea Bophelo bo Botle: BPA le Polycarbonate

E 'ngoe ea lintho tse amehang haholo mabapi le polycarbonate ke ho tsoa ha Bisphenol A (BPA), k'hemik'hale e sebelisoang tlhahisong ea eona. BPA e hokahane le litaba tse fapaneng tsa bophelo bo botle, e leng se lebisang keketsehong ea tlhoko ea bareki ea mefuta e meng e se nang BPA.

8. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)

Matla a ABS ho Consumer Electronics

ABS ke polasetiki e matla, e thata e sebelisoang hangata ho lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa bareki, joalo ka matlo a likhomphutha, li-smartphone, le lisebelisoa tsa papali. E hanana le tšusumetso, e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa ho sireletsa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse hlokolosi.

Tšebeliso ea ABS ho Tlhahiso ea Likoloi le Toy

ABS e boetse e sebelisoa haholo likarolong tsa likoloi le lipapaling. Bokhoni ba eona ba ho bōptjoa hore e be libopeho tse rarahaneng bo etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa ho etsa lihlahisoa tse tšoarellang, tse bobebe.

Matla a ho Recycling le Moshoelella oa ABS

Le ha ABS e sa sebelisoe hangata joalo ka lipolasetiki tse ling, e ka sebelisoa hape ka botekgeniki. Lipatlisiso mabapi le ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea ho tsosolosa ea ABS li ntse li tsoela pele, 'me ho na le thahasello e ntseng e eketseha ea ho sebelisa ABS e nchafalitsoeng ha ho etsoa lihlahisoa tse ncha.

9. Nylon (Polyamide)

Ho feto-fetoha ha Nylon ho Liaparo le Lisebelisoa tsa Indasteri

Nylon ke polymer ea maiketsetso e tsejoang ka matla a eona, ho tsitsa, le ho hana ho roala le ho taboha. E sebelisoa haholo liphahlong (mohlala, li-stockings le li-activewear), hammoho le lisebelisoa tsa indasteri tse kang liropo, likere le li-bearings.

Litšobotsi tsa Bohlokoa tsa Nylon: Ho tšoarella, ho Fetola maemo, le Matla

Bokhoni ba nylon ba ho mamella ts'ebeliso khafetsa ntle le ho senyeha bo etsa hore e loketse lits'ebetso tse hlokang ho tenyetseha le ho tšoarella. Ho feta moo, e hanana le mongobo le lik'hemik'hale tse ngata.

Kameho ea Tikoloho le Mathata a ho Recycling ea Nylon

Le hoja nylon e tšoarella, e baka mathata a tikoloho. Ha e senyehe, 'me litefiso tsa ho nchafatsa nylon li tlase, tse lebisang ho bokelleng ha litšila. Likhamphani li ntse li batla litsela tsa ho sebelisa nylon hantle, haholo-holo masela.

10.Polyurethane (PU)

Polyurethane ka Foam le Coatings

Polyurethane ke polasetiki e feto-fetohang e sebelisoang ka mefuta e fapaneng, ho tloha ho foams e bonolo ho ea ho li-insulation tse thata le lirafshoa. Hangata e sebelisoa ho etsa mesamo ea thepa ea ka tlung, liphanele tse sireletsang lehong le litšepe.

Mefuta e fapaneng ea polyurethane le tšebeliso ea eona

Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea polyurethane, ho kenyelletsa le foam e tenyetsehang, foam e thata, le li-elastomers. Mofuta o mong le o mong o na le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng, ho tloha ho thepa ea kaho ho isa ho likarolo tsa koloi le lieta.

Mathata a ho Recycling Polyurethane

Polyurethane e hlahisa mathata a bohlokoa a ho sebelisoa hape ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona se rarahaneng sa lik'hemik'hale. Hona joale, ho na le mananeo a fokolang a ho tsosolosa polyurethane, leha ho ntse ho etsoa boiteko ba ho hlahisa mekhoa e meng e tsitsitseng.

11.Polyoxymethylene (POM)

Tšebeliso ea POM ho Precision Engineering le Likoloi

Polyoxymethylene, eo hape e tsejoang e le acetal, e sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse nepahetseng tsa boenjiniere moo matla a phahameng le likhohlano tse tlase li hlokahalang. E sebelisoa hangata likarolong tsa likoloi, lihokelo tsa motlakase le likere.

Hobaneng ha POM e Tumme Bakeng sa Likarolo tsa Mechini

Khanyetso e ntle ea POM, botsitso ba sebopeho, le khohlano e tlase li etsa hore e be e loketseng likarolo tsa mochini tse nepahetseng haholo. E sebelisoa hangata ho li-gears, li-bearings le likarolo tse ling tse tsamaeang.

Ho tsosolosa le ho lahla Polyoxymethylene

Polyoxymethylene e phephetsa ho e sebelisa hape ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale. Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso mabapi le ho sebelisoa hape ha eona li ntse li tsoela pele, 'me ho ntse ho hlahlojoa mekhoa e mecha ea ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea POM hape.

12.Polyimide (PI)

Lisebelisoa tsa Polyimide ho Aerospace le Electronics

Polyimide ke polasetiki e sebetsang hantle haholo e sebelisoang haholo sebakeng sa sefofane le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki ka lebaka la botsitso ba eona bo ikhethang ba mocheso le ho hanyetsa lik'hemik'hale. E sebelisoa lihlahisoa tse kang li-circuits tse feto-fetohang, lisebelisoa tsa ho kenya letsoho, le litiiso tse phahameng tsa mocheso.

Thepa ea Polyimide: Ho hanyetsa mocheso le ho tšoarella

Polyimide e khona ho mamella mocheso o feteletseng (ho fihla ho 500 ° F kapa ho feta) ntle le ho nyenyefatsa. Sena se etsa hore e be se loketseng ho sebelisoa libakeng tseo li-plastiki tse ling li ka senyehang.

Mathata a Tikoloho ka ho Lahla Polyimide

Le ha polyimide e fana ka ts'ebetso e ikhethang liindastering tse ikhethileng, ha e senyehe 'me ho thata ho e sebelisa hape, ho phahamisa mathata a tikoloho a amanang le ho lahla.

13.Epoxy Resin

Litšebeliso tsa indasteri le tsa bonono tsa Epoxy Resin

Epoxy resin e sebelisoa haholo e le ntho e tlamahanyang, ho roala le ho kopanya. E sebelisoa hangata liindastering tsa kaho, tsa makoloi le tsa metsing ka lebaka la ho tšoarella ha eona le ho thibela metsi. E boetse e sebelisoa ho tsa bonono le mesebetsi ea matsoho ka lebaka la ho feto-fetoha ha eona le qetello e hlakileng.

Melemo ea Epoxy bakeng sa Bonding le Coatings

Epoxy e fana ka thepa e phahameng ea sekhomaretsi 'me e theha maqhama a tšoarellang, a tšoarellang nako e telele, e leng se etsang hore e be se loketseng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse hlokang ho khomarela ka matla le ho hanyetsa mocheso le lik'hemik'hale.

Matšoenyeho a Bophelo le Tikoloho ea Epoxy Resin

Tlhahiso le tšebeliso ea li-epoxy resin li ka lokolla lik'hemik'hale tse kotsi, tse kang volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Ho sebetsana ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le ho lahloa ka nepo hoa hlokahala ho fokotsa likotsi tsena.

14.Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)

Hobaneng ha PEEK e sebelisoa ho Aerospace, Medical, le Industrial Fields

PEEK ke polymer ea ts'ebetso e phahameng e tsebahalang ka matla a eona a ikhethang, khanyetso ea lik'hemik'hale, le ho hanyetsa mocheso. E sebelisoa sebakeng sa sefofane, li-implants tsa bongaka, le lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri tse hlokang nako e telele haholo.

Thepa ea PEEK: Matla, Ho hanyetsa mocheso, le ho tšoarella

Mehaho e phahameng ea PEEK e e etsa sesebelisoa se loketseng likarolo tse pepesehileng mocheso o phahameng kapa tikoloho e matla ea lik'hemik'hale, joalo ka liqibi, li-bearings le li-implants tsa bongaka.

Mathata a Tikoloho le Recycling ea PEEK

Recycling PEEK e ntse e le phephetso ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tse amanang le ts'ebetso. Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso tse ntseng li tsoela pele li batla litharollo tse tšoarellang bakeng sa phepelo ea PEEK.

15.Polyvinylidine Fluoride (PVDF)

Likopo tsa PVDF ho Liindasteri tsa Chemical le Electronics

PVDF ke polasetiki e sebetsang hantle haholo e sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tse hlokang ho hanyetsa lik'hemik'hale, mocheso le motlakase. E sebelisoa hangata indastering ea lik'hemik'hale bakeng sa liphaephe le indastering ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki bakeng sa ho koala lithapo.

Thepa: Ho hanyetsa Khoho le Mocheso o Phahameng

PVDF e sebetsa hantle haholo libakeng tseo lipolasetiki tse ling li ka senyehang, e leng se etsang hore e be sebaka se loketseng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse matla tsa lik'hemik'hale le mocheso o phahameng.

Thepa ea Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)

Leha e tšoarella nako e telele ebile e hanana le ho senyeha, PVDF e baka mathata a ho e sebelisa hape ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona se rarahaneng. Litšusumetso tsa tikoloho li kenyelletsa tšilafalo nakong ea ho lahla haeba e sa laoloe ka nepo.

Qetello

Ha re ntse re hatela pele nakong eo ho eona ho ts'oarella le ho ela hloko lintho tse phelang ho eona ho ntseng ho etelletsoa pele, ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa karolo eo lipolasetiki li e bapalang sechabeng sa sejoale-joale. Lipolasetiki tse kang polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, le PLA li bohareng ba liindasteri tse fapa-fapaneng, ho tloha ka ho paka lijo ho ea sebakeng sa sefofane. Leha ho le joalo, phello ea tikoloho ea litšila tsa polasetiki e ke ke ea latoloa, 'me ho ntlafatsa ho sebelisoa hape, ho fokotsa litšila, le ho fumana lisebelisoa tse ling e tla ba senotlolo sa ho rarolla mathata ana nakong e tlang.