Ngokusetshenziswa okubanzi kweimikhiqizo yepulasitiki, umphakathi unezidingo eziphakeme neziphakeme zokubukeka kwekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, ngakho-ke ikhwalithi yokupholishwa kwendawo yesikhunta sepulasitiki kufanele futhi ithuthukiswe ngokufanele, ikakhulukazi ubulukhuni besikhunta esingaphezulu kwesibuko kanye nokukhanya okuphezulu okucwebezelayo. Izidingo ziphakeme, ngakho-ke izidingo zokupholisha nazo ziphakeme. Ukupholisha akukhulisi nje kuphela ubuhle be-workpiece, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala nokumelana nokugqokwa kwendawo ebonakalayo, futhi kungasiza futhi ukubunjwa komjovo olandelayo, njengokwenza imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ibe lula ukuyidiliza kanye nokunciphisa imijikelezo yokubumba umjovo wokukhiqiza. Njengamanje, izindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokupholisha yilezi ezilandelayo:
(1) Ukupholisha ngomshini
Ukupholisha ngomshini kuyindlela yokupholishwa lapho indawo ebushelelezi itholakala ngokusika kanye nokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki kobuso bento ukuze kukhishwe ingxenye epholishiwe ye-convex. Ngokuvamile, ama-whetstone strips, amasondo oboya, i-sandpaper, njll. Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi asizayo afana nama-turntable, izindlela zokugaya nezokupholisha zingasetshenziswa kulabo abanezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukugaya nokupholishwa okunembe kakhulu ithuluzi elikhethekile elicindezelwayo, elicindezelwa phezu kwendawo yokusebenza ukuze lifakwe uketshezi lokugaya nokupholishwa oluqukethe ukuhuzuka, futhi lizungeza ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngokusebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo ye-Ra0.008μm kungafinyelelwa, okuphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokupholisha. Isikhunta se-Optical lens sivame ukusebenzisa le ndlela
(2) Ukupholisha nge-ultrasonic
I-workpiece ifakwe ekumisweni okulimazayo futhi ifakwe ensimini ye-ultrasonic ndawonye, futhi i-abrasive iphansi futhi ipholishwe ebusweni bomsebenzi wokusebenza nge-oscillation ye-wave ye-ultrasonic. Amandla we-macroscopic wokucubungula kwe-ultrasonic mancane, futhi ngeke abangele ukuguqulwa komsebenzi, kodwa kunzima ukwenza nokufaka ithuluzi. Imishini ye-Ultrasonic ingahlanganiswa nezindlela zamakhemikhali noma ze-electrochemical. Ngesisekelo sokugqwala kwesisombululo kanye ne-electrolysis, ukudlidliza kwe-ultrasonic kusetshenziswa ukuvusa isisombululo, ukuze imikhiqizo encibilikisiwe ebusweni bomsebenzi wokusebenza ihlukaniswe, futhi ukugqwala noma i-electrolyte eduze kwendawo kufana nomfaniswano; umphumela we-cavitation wamagagasi e-ultrasonic oketshezini nawo ungavimbela inqubo yokugqwala, ehambisana nokukhanya kwendawo.
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(3) Ukupholisha uketshezi
Ukupholisha okuwuketshezi kuncike oketshezini olugeleza ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nezinhlayiya ezilumayo ezithwalwa yilo ukuze zikhuhle indawo yokusebenza ukuze kufezwe injongo yokupholisha. Izindlela ezivame ukusetshenziswa yilezi: ukukhanda ijethi elibi, umshini wejethi eliwuketshezi, ukugaya nge-hydrodynamic, njll. Ukugaya kwe-Hydrodynamic kuqhutshwa ukucindezela kwe-hydraulic, ukuze uketshezi oluphethe izinhlayiya ezihuzukayo lugeleze ngokuphindaphindiwe endaweni yokusebenzela ngesivinini esikhulu. I-medium ngokuyinhloko yenziwe ngezinhlanganisela ezikhethekile (izinto ezifana ne-polymer) ezinokugeleza okuhle ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephansi futhi exutshwe nama-abrasives, futhi ama-abrasives angaba yi-silicon carbide powder.
(4) Ukugaya nokupholishwa ngozibuthe
Ukugaya kazibuthe kanye nokupholishwa ukusebenzisa ama-abrasive kazibuthe ukwenza amabhulashi abrasive ngaphansi kwesenzo sikazibuthe ukugaya izingcezu zokusebenza. Le ndlela inekhwalithi ephezulu yokucubungula, ikhwalithi enhle, ukulawula kalula izimo zokucubungula kanye nezimo ezinhle zokusebenza. Ngama-abrasives afanelekile, ukuhwaqeka kwendawo kungafinyelela ku-Ra0.1μm
Ukupholishwa ekucubunguleni isikhunta sepulasitiki kuhluke kakhulu ekucwebezeni okungaphezulu okudingekayo kwezinye izimboni. Ukukhuluma ngokuqinile, ukupholishwa kwesikhunta kufanele kubizwe ngokuthi ukucubungula kwesibuko. Ayinayo nje kuphela izidingo eziphakeme zokuzipholisha kodwa futhi inezindinganiso eziphakeme zokugqama kwendawo, ukushelela nokunemba kwejometri. Ukupholisha ubuso ngokuvamile kudingekile kuphela ukuze uthole indawo ekhanyayo
Izinga lokucubungula isibuko lihlukaniswe ngamabanga amane: AO=Ra0.008μm, A1=Ra0.016μm, A3=Ra0.032μm, A4=Ra0.063μm, kunzima ukulawula ngokunembile ukunemba kwejometri kwezingxenye ngenxa yokupholisha i-electrolytic. , ukupholisha uketshezi nezinye izindlela Kodwa-ke, izinga eliphezulu lokupholisha ngamakhemikhali, ukupholisha nge-ultrasonic, ukugaya kazibuthe nezindlela zokupholisha alikwazi ukuhlangabezana izidingo, ngakho-ke ukucutshungulwa kwendawo yesibuko yokubunjwa okunembayo kusabuswa ukupholisha ngomshini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-11-2022
